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1

RENWENDAZHAN，RENLEIYIPIBEIBUKAN

WENZISHISHIJIESHANGWUCHUBUZAIDEWUZHONG。XUDUOWENZIXIEDAILEBINGDUHUOZHEJISHENGCHONG，DANGTAMENDINGYAORENLEISHI，BINGDUHUOJISHENGCHONGJIUYOUKENENGHUIGANRANRENTI，BIRUNVEJI，JIUSHIWENZICHUANBODEDIANXINGJIBING，MEINIANYINNVEJISIWANGDERENDUODASHUSHIWAN。SHAMIEWENZI，QIEDUANCHUANBOTUJINGSHIJIEJUEZHEIXIEJIBINGCHUANBODEHEXINSHOUDUAN。

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ZAISHIJIEQITADIFANG，SUIRANNVEJIYIJINGDEDAOLEHENHAODEKONGZHI，DANWENZICHUANBODEQITAJIBING，BIRUDENGGERE 、ZHAIKABINGDU、HUANGREBINGDENGDENG，YIRANRANGSHIJIEGEGUODEWEISHENGBUMENTOUTONGBUYI。

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AIJIYIWEN( Aedes aegypti )SHIWENZIDEYIZHONG，SHICHUANBODENGGEREHEZHAIKABINGDUDEZUIKUIHUOSHOU。2009NIANHE2010NIAN，MEIGUOYIXIEDIQUBAOFALEDENGGEREYIQING。SUIRANWOMENHENQINGCHUKONGZHILEAIJIYIWEN，JIUNENGKONGZHIZHEIYIJIBINGDECHUANBO，DANSHIJIZUOQILAIHAISHILIBUCONGXIN。ZAIHUAFEILESHUBAIWANMEIYUANZHIHOU，WENZIHAISHIMEIYOUDEDAOYOUXIAODEKONGZHI。MEIGUOWEISHENGGUANYUANMENBUDEBUKAOLVQITADEFANGAN。YUSHIYIJIAGONGSIKAIFADEZHUANJIYINWENZI，BEIXUANZHONGLE。

ZHUANJIYINCAOZUODEMUBIAOBINGBUSHIZHIJIEQINGCHUDENGGEREBINGDU，ERSHISHOUXIANSHASIAIJIYIWEN，ZHEIYANGTAMENSUOCHUANBODERENHEBINGDUYEDOUHUIBEIXIAOCHU。SUOYI，SUIRANQICHUXUANZEZHEIYIFANGANDEMUBIAOSHIXIAOCHUDENGGERE，HOULAIFAXIANZHAIKABINGDUYENENGHENHAODIKONGZHI。

JUGUJI，WUFENZHISIDERENGANRANZHAIKABINGDUMEIYOURENHEZHENGZHUANG，RUYOUZHENGZHUANG，ZUICHANGJIANDESHIFARE、PIZHEN、GUANJIETONGHEJIEMOYAN(HONGYANJING)。MAFANDESHI，ZHAIKABINGDUQIJINSHANGWEIYOUYIMIAODUIFU，RUGUOHUAIYUNFUNVGANRANLE，TAJIANGHUICHUANDIJITAIER。BENLAIMEIGUOMEIYOUZHAIKABINGDU，JINNIANLAISUIZHEGUOJIJIAOWANGERBEIDAIRUMEIGUOBENTU，GAIBINGDUCENGZAIFOLUOLIDACHUXIAN。

3

JIYINBIANJIJISHURUHESHAMIEAIJIYIWEN

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ZAIGONGZHONGDUIZHUANJIYINJISHUCHONGMANGULVDEJINTIAN，ZHEIYANGDEYIGEDASUANSHIBIMIANLINZHEXUDUOZHENGYI。BIRU，YONGJIYINJISHUCHANSHENGDEZHEIXIEDUSU，WENZIYEKENENGJINHUACHUKANGXINGHUOZHEJIEDUJIZHI，CONGERRANGZHEIZHONGSHOUDUANSHIXIAO。DAONEISHI，WENZIDEFANZHIYOUHUIZHONGXINHUIDAOZIRANFANZHIDEZHUANGTAI。CIWAI，DANGDIYIYOUJUMINFANDUI，YONGDAZHONGMEITIXIHUANDESHUOFASHI“BUZUOXIAOBAISHU”。ZHENGQIUYIJIANQIMANZHIHOU，FDAZUIZHONGNENGFOUPIZHUNZHEIXIANGSHIYAN，YEHAIWEIRANKEZHI。

4

JIYINQUDONGJISHU，QIANGDADERANGRENDANXIN

QISHI，SHIFANGGAIZAOGUODEWENZIQUDUIFUWENZI，BANGESHIJIQIANJIUKAISHILE。BISHI，SHIFANGDESHIJUEYUDEXIONGWEN，RANGTAMENGENZIRANJIEDEXIONGWENZIJINGZHENG，YIDANJUEYUDEXIONGWENYUCIWENJIAOPEI，QIJIUWUFACHANSHENGHOUDAI。XIANERYIJIAN，ZHEIYIFANGANDEHEXIN，ZAIYUYOUDUOSHAOJUEYUWENZIJINRUZIRANHUANJING。ZHEIZHONGFANGFANENGCHANSHENGDUODADEYINGXIANG，QUJUEYUJUEYUXIONGWENYUYESHENGXIONGWENDELILIANGDUIBI。

SHIJISHANG，WOMENDEMUBIAOBINGBUSHIXIAOMIEWENZI，ERSHIXIAOMIEWENZISUODAIDEBINGDUHUOZHEJISHENGCHONG。ZAIZIRANJIE，BINGBUSHISUOYOUDEWENZIDOUHUIXIEDAIBINGDUHEJISHENGCHONG，DUIYUZHEIXIEWENZILAISHUO，TAMENYINGGAISHIYOUMOUZHONGKANGTILAIDUIKANGBINGDUHEJISHENGCHONG。RUGUOBAZHEIXIEKANGTIJIYINZHUANYIDAONEIXIECHUANBOBINGDUDEWENZITINEI，ZHEIXIEZHUANJIYINWENZIJIUBUZAI“ZHUZHOUWEINVE”，NENGGOUYURENLEIHEPINGGONGCHU。RENLEIYEJIUBUZAICHUXINJILVDIDUIXIAOMIETAMEN。

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JIYINQUDONG(Gene Drive)ZESHIYAODAPOMENGDEERYICHUANGUILV。TADEMUBIAO，SHISHISUOXUYAODEMUBIAOJIYINZAIFANZHIZHONGDEDAOYOUSHICHUANBO——ZHIYAOSHIYUHANYOUMUBIAOJIYIN(BIRUJINGGUOJIYINGAIZAONENGCHANSHENGKANGTIDEJIYIN)DEWENZIJIAOPEI，CHANSHENGDEHOUDAIDOUHANYOUZHEIYIJIYIN。ZHEIYISHEXIANGZUIZAOCHUXIANZAI1940NIANDAI，BUGUODANGSHIYIZHIZHISHISHEXIANGERYI。ZHIDAO10NIANQIAN，YINGGUOLUNDUNDIGUOXUEYUANJIAOSHOUAOSITING·BOTE(Austin Burt)TICHU：YIKAOJIYINQUDONGDEDNAJIANQIEJISHUGAIBIANWUZHONGDEJIYIN，CONGERKONGZHIJIBINGDECHUANBO。BUGUO，RUHEQUJIANYIJIRUHEGAIBIAN，YEHAIMEIYOUSHIJIFANGAN。YIZHIYUDAOLE2014NIAN，KEXUEJIAMENTAOLUNJIYINQUDONGJISHUDEQIANZAIFENGXIANSHI，RENMENYEHAIBATADANGZUOYIGE“JIAXIANGDEWENTI”。

CHURENYILIAODESHI，TAOLUNZHISHENGYOUZAI，2015NIAN，MEIGUOJIUYOULIANGGEYANJIUZUCHENGGONGDIYANZHICHULEJIYINQUDONGGAIZAODEWUZHONG，FENBIESHIWENZIHEGUOYING。JISHUDETUPOZAIYU，ZUIXINDEJIYINZUBIANJIJISHUCRISPR/Cas9。DUIYUCAIYONGYOUXINGFANZHIFANGSHIFANYANHOUDAIDEWUZHONG，ZHEIYIJISHUDOUKEYIGAIBIANTAMENDERENHEJIYIN，RANHOURANGTAMENZAIYESHENGQUNTIZHONGCHUANBOXIAQU。

ZAIMENGDEERYICHUANFANGSHIXIA，YIWENZIWEILI，NENGCHANSHENGKANGTIDEJIYINGAIZAOWENZI，YUBUNENGCHANSHENGKANGTIDEYESHENGWENZIJIAOPEI，CHANSHENGDEZIDAISHIZAHEZI——YEJIUSHIDENGWEIJIYINZHONGYIGENENGCHANSHENGKANGTI，LINGYIGEBUNENG。ERJINGGUOJIYINQUDONGGAIZAODEWENZI，NEIDUANBUNENGCHANSHENGKANGTIDEDENGWEIJIYINHUIBEIZIDONGQIEDIAO，RANHOUANZHAOLINGYITIAODNALIANSHANGDEJIYINXULIEJINXINGXIUFU。YUSHI，DEDAODEZIDAIWENZIJIUCHENGLENENGCHANSHENGKANGTIDECHUNHEZIWENZI。YINCI，DANGTAZAIYUQITAWENZIJIAOPEI，BUGUANDUIFANGNENGBUNENGCHANSHENGKANGTI，XIAYIDAIDOUSHINENGCHANSHENGKANGTIDECHUNHEZIWENZI。ZHEIJIUYIWEIZHE，ZHIYAOSHIFANGYIXIEYOUJIYINQUDONGGAIZAO、JUYOUTEDINGKANGBINGDUJIYINDEWENZI，JINGGUORUOGANDAIZHIHOU，ZHEIYIWENZIJIUJIBENSHANGDOUSHIDAIYOUKANGTIJIYINDE“XINWUZHONG”LE。ZHEIZHONGWENZIYEJIUBUZAISHICHUANBOZHEIZHONGJIBINGDEZUIKUIHUOSHOU。

SHIJISHANG，JIYINQUDONGJISHUDEYINGYONGYUANBUJINYUCI。CHULEYONGYUGAIZAOWENZIXIAOCHUNVEJI、DENGGERE、HUANGREBINGDENGWENCHONGCHUANBODEJIBING，TAHAIKEYIYONGYUGENCHURUQINWUZHONG。YINWAILAIWUZHONGDERUQINPOHUAILEDANGDIDESHENGTAIHUANJING，MEIGUOMEINIANZAOSHOUDESUNSHIGAODA420YIMEIYUAN，XUDUOYUANSHENGWUZHONGYINRUQINWUZHONGDESHENGZHANGNENGLITAIGUOWANGSHENGERZOUXIANGMIEJUE。

CIWAI，NONGYAOHECHUCAOJIDESHIYONGHUIRANGMUBIAOWUZHONGCHANSHENGKANGXING。YIDANKANGXINGCHANSHENG，XIANGYINGDENONGYAOHECHUCAOJIJIUSHIQULEGONGXIAO。RUGUODUIMEIYOUCHANSHENGKANGXINGDEXIANGYINGWUZHONGJINXINGJIYINGAIZAO，ZAIBATAMENSHIFANGDAOZIRANJIEZHONG，YEJIUKENENGXIAOCHUZHEIXIEWUZHONGDEKANGXING。

JIYINQUDONGDEYANJIUGANGGANGKAISHI。ZHEIYIWUQIDEWEILISHIZAIQIANGDA——DONGZHEJIUGAIBIANZHENGGEWUZHONG。CHULEYANJIUTADEYINGYONG，TASHIFOUHUICHANSHENGRENLEIQIWANGZHIWAIDEHOUGUO?RENLEISHIFOUNENGGOUKONGZHIHAOTA?……ZHEIDOUSHIBAIZAIKEXUEJIAMENMIANQIANDEKETI，XUYAOQUANMIAN、SHENRUDIQUKAOCHAYANJIU。

HAOLE，YISHANGBIANSHIJINRIXIAOBIANWEIDAJIADAILAIDEGUANYU【JIYINBIANJIJISHURUHESHAMIEAIJIYIWEN】DEZUIXINBAODAOLE，RUOXIANGLEJIEGENGDUODEZUIXINZIXUN，JIDEGUANZHUXIAOBIAN。